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\begin{document}

\title{Large-tree growth follows a unimodal cascading pattern under the
combined effect of allometric scaling and growth plasticity}



\author[1]{shu miao}%
\author[2]{Wenzhi Wang}%
\author[3]{Wanze Zhu}%
\author[4]{Yangyi Zhao}%
\author[5]{ming jia}%
\author[3]{Xiao-xiang Zhao}%
\affil[1]{University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences}%
\affil[2]{Institute of Mountain Hazard and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China;}%
\affil[3]{Institute of Mountain Hazard and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; }%
\affil[4]{Southwest Forestry University}%
\affil[5]{University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing, CN}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{March 13, 2025}


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\begin{abstract}
The continuously increasing trend of large-tree growth challenges the
assertion of the unimodal pattern in classical growth theories. Here, we
considered the effect of phenotypic plasticity on growth and extended
classical growth equations (i.e., Gompertz and logistic curves) to
reconcile this contradiction. Tree growth is indeterminate and modular,
and we speculated that a trajectory of tree growth should be viewed as a
combination of a series of different unimodal curves, termed cascading
growth. Mathematically, the increasing growth trend may be attributable
to the later emergence of larger-scale unimodal curves, which depend on
some beneficial change of functional traits relative to tree size. To
test this hypothesis, we determined tree growth in four plots across the
subalpine Abies fabri forest belt on Gongga Mountain in the eastern
Tibetan Plateau of China, and then analyzed the effects of some
important functional traits (i.e., leaf and stem economics and
morphological traits) on the growth curve. Our results indicate that the
ideal growth trajectory that is composed of the maximum growth increment
of different trees follow a unimodal curve with a cascade
characteristic. At individual levels, the emergence of a larger unimodal
curve is caused by an increase in the relative amount of canopy and a
decrease in the relative amount of sapwood. This study clarifies the
general growth rule of large trees, offers a concise way to link traits
and growth performance, and reveals the complexity and sustainability of
a old forest acting as a carbon sink to some extend.%
\end{abstract}%



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\textbf{Hosted file}

\verb`(2020-1-21)Large-tree growth follows a unimodal cascading pattern due to the combined effect of allometric scaling and growth plasticity.docx`  available at \url{https://authorea.com/users/294046/articles/422199-large-tree-growth-follows-a-unimodal-cascading-pattern-under-the-combined-effect-of-allometric-scaling-and-growth-plasticity}\selectlanguage{english}
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\textbf{Fig. 1}\selectlanguage{english}
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\textbf{Fig. 8}

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