Figure legends

Figure 1. The time-course of dry cell weight, dissolved oxygen, glucose concentration, and β-carotene concentration during fed-batch fermentation for YL-C11. The glucose concentration was fed at around 5 g/L.
Figure 2. The time-course of dry cell weight, dissolved oxygen, glucose concentration, and β-carotene concentration during DO-stat fed-batch fermentation for YL-C11. The DO-stat fed-batch induction was initiated at 22 h, and the DO was controlled around 10-20%.
Figure 3. More ATP was determined in DO-stat fed-batch fermentation. The ATP of both fermentations was extracted and assayed, as described in the text. Error bars indicate ±SD from at least duplicate. (* denotes p < 0.05) (ANOVA).
Figure 4. More NADP+/NADPH was determined in DO-stat fed-batch fermentation. The NADP+/NADPH of both fermentations was extracted and assayed, as described in the text. Error bars indicate ±SD from at least duplicate. (* denotes denotes p < 0.05) (ANOVA).
Figure 5. Simulations of kinetic models and experimental results of biomass at fed-batch and DO-stat fed-batch fermentation (a: fed-batch fermentation; b: DO-stat fed-batch fermentation; Solid line represents fitted data and circles represent experimental data).
Figure 6. Simulations of kinetic models and experimental results β-carotene synthesis at fed-batch and DO-stat fed-batch fermentation (a: fed-batch fermentation; b: DO-stat fed-batch fermentation; Solid line represents fitted data and circles represent experimental data).
Figure 7. Simulation of kinetic models and experimental results of glucose concentration (a) (Solid line represents fitted data and circles represent experimental data) and glucose consumption in different periods (b).