This effect, too, could also be attributed to the action of vortices. When atmospheric vortices break —which happens naturally as they weaken over time, or are disrupted by other weather patterns— the broken “ends” of the vortex cylinder will reconnect themselves either to the rest of the vortex or to a solid surface, whichever is nearer \citep{Brady_1989}31. When land is the closer of the two, vortices touch down (as happens in the formation of tornadoes), and the heat and water vapor they carry are delivered to nearby surfaces. When those surfaces are ice, they melt.  
5. Conclusion
Climate change is an increasingly urgent economic, environmental and social issue across the globe. It is imperative now more than ever that scientists identify all possible factors that contribute to global warming. It permits to mitigate and eventually reverse the disastrous impact created by various technologies and human activities \citep*{Hoeppe_2016}32. The present article has introduced the argument that commercial flights between major international airports must be studied in detail since these are suspected to figure among key causes of observed changes in climatic indicators, due to their effects on the formation of particle-laden vortices that affect the atmospheric distribution of water vapor. Scientists, along with the industry and policy makers have neglected this factor. Worse, the logic exposed in this article indicates that it is not just the burning of the fuel and the subsequent greenhouse gas emissions that need to be abated, the creation of the vortices themselves with fossil- or biofuel is increasing the risk of irreversible impact on life on Earth. Although there is a need for a lot more study and experimentation, the logic built up in this first approach confirms that this physical effect (as opposed to a chemical effect) impacting climate change merits more and urgent attention. 
The authors understand that the logic outlined contradicts some extant models of the causes of climate change, such as the suggestion that CO2 is primarily responsible for rising temperatures. However, this article suggests that, instead, climate change may also be driven primarily by shifts in patterns of global atmospheric circulation powered by persistent, large-scale vortices mainly caused by the vortices left by commercial air traffic. Because this traffic is so densely concentrated along the most highly-traveled routes, the vortices become semi-permanent, and their effects on atmospheric circulation are suspected to cause widespread changes in how the atmosphere traps and releases heat.
This revised view of the factors causing climate change has immediate implications for public policy especially when it comes to aircraft design which needs to go beyond the mere choice of efficiency and fuel type. If it is really directed at halting or slowing climate change, and at ameliorating its effects then engine design that secures propulsion without vortex generation requires fundamental innovations that are disruptive for a monopolistic market highly resistant to change. In addition, transforming commercial air travel, and shifting high-traffic routes to avoid bodies of sea ice and other vulnerable locations, could be the first primary goals of parties concerned about the effects of climate change. However, it is indispensable that the hypothesis outlined can be substantiated with further extensive research and precautionary policy measures.
6. Data Availability
All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article https://authorea.com/users/275330/articles/391489/master/folder