INTRODUCTIONThe treatment of equine patients with angular limb and/or rotational deformities combined with closed physes presents a clinical challenge to equine practitioners. The report by Gaida et al in this issue outlines the management of one such case by utilizing a radial osteotomy for a deformity of the distal metacarpus. Although the authors had some challenges with the post-operative management, they did have an acceptable outcome with this technique.Osteotomies and ostectomies are uncommon surgical procedures used to treat angular and rotational limb deformities in patients beyond the time frame of growth retardation or in older patients that have acquired an angular limb deformity secondary to another pathology (healed fracture, osteoarthritis, or previous infection). The procedure involves transecting and possibly removing a portion of bone and stabilizing the resulting construct with implants to achieve a more anatomically appropriate limb. The most common anatomical location treated is the metacarpophalangeal/metatarsophalangeal joint or the diaphysis of MC3/MT3, followed by deformities of the carpal region, with the traumatic deformation of the carpal bones or the distal radius being the focus. Reports also exist of surgical correction of deformities involving the radial diaphysis (Auer, 2019).A thorough examination of the limb in question is necessary for surgical planning, including static and dynamic examination of the patient. Angular limb deformities can be complex with deformities in more than one plane and so a detailed understanding of the abnormality is fundamental for surgical success. Radiographs and computed tomographic examination of the affected area should be performed on all candidates. Three-dimensional printing combined with planning software can be valuable in assessing complicated deformities (Auer 2019, Auer 2022). When the abnormality involves only a simple deviation, the pivot point should be established based on pre-operative imaging, which is accomplished by drawing lines perpendicular to the joint surfaces proximal and distal to the deformity of the involved long bones and identifying the bisection point. The degree of deviation can then be calculated based on this point. In more complex cases, multiple pivot points may exist in different planes. These bisecting pivot points are used to determine the correction angle to be utilized intra-operatively. Identifying the complexity of the deformity as well as the planes involved will influence the surgical technique to be utilized. (Auer, 2019)