Municipal solid waste constitutes a major portion of the total city waste produced in India. Very often this is ignored while considering waste problems in the cities. The cities are now having enormous environmental problems due to municipal solid waste. The segregation of waste is essential to implement Reduce, Reuse and Recycle. It has been an unsustainable and uneconomical practice to not segregate waste at the source. The paper explains the waste segregation activities of the householders of the city of Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India and the social and environmental outcomes of such behavior. The paper is based on both primary and secondary sources of data.

In the digital era, media convergence is a necessity. One form of convergence is journalistic convergence between television and social media. The three types of journalistic convergence are newsgathering, newsroom, and news content. This study aims to describe the process of journalistic convergence on four free to air televisions (iNews, RCTI, MNCTV, GTV) and social media (Youtube, Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Tiktok) which are under the auspices of the MNC Group in the era of the Covid-19 pandemic. Using a qualitative approach and a holistic single-type case study method, this study found, first, newsgathering convergence was used to sharpen the idea of ​​​​Covid-19 coverage. Excavation of coverage material is carried out together. The news angle becomes richer because each editor proposes coverage material. Second, newsroom convergence enriches the broadcast material because each television editor takes advantage of the superiority of its resources. The newsroom becomes a creative space so that content differentiation occurs. Third, through the convergence of news content, television news about Covid-19 is more varied. Fourth, the entire production team is required to be careful in making news because it will be amplified through social media. Through social media, MNC Group news has a wider reach. On the other hand, through social media, the public can provide input, control, and criticize all television news programs under the auspices of the MNC Group.

The introduction of technology has lead to the increasing vulnerability for teachers who feel insecure about: the integration of technology into their classroom teaching; the surveillance of students online behaviour; or the engagement of students with less colorful paper and pencil activities that lack media animation. Four school districts participated in this study representing teachers, parents, administrators and IT staff from the provinces of British Columbia and Ontario. This paper presents data related to the expectations for teachers to conduct surveillance of student behaviour online during school hours. Results indicate a surveillance culture that encourages reporting of teacher behaviour by all other stakeholders (i.e. use of cellphone) and implicates teachers roles as changing from teaching to prison guards, monitoring all student activity and responsible for inappropriate use. In some cases, references to teachers as “not doing their job” imply a decrease in the respect for teachers previously warranted.

At some point in the future, nearly all jobs currently performed by humans will be performed by autonomous machines using artificial intelligence. There is little doubt that it will increase precision, comfort, and save time, but this coincides with the introduction of many ethical, social, and legal difficulties as well. These great difficulties offer the opportunity to revisit some of the basic and time-tested normative moral theories advanced by modern philosophers. There could be significant advantages for the many players in AI, namely producers and consumers, thanks to these moral philosophies. Customers could use it to make a purchase decision concerning AI machines, whereas manufacturers could use it to write good ethical algorithms for their AI machines. To handle any ethical difficulties that may develop due to the use of these machines, the manuscript will summarise the important and pertinent normative theories and arrive at a set of principles for writing algorithms for the manufacture and marketing of artificially intelligent machines. These normative theories are simple to understand and use, and they do not require a deep understanding of difficult philosophical or religious notions. These viewpoints claim that good and wrong may be determined merely by applying reasoning and that arriving at any logical conclusion does not necessitate a thorough understanding of philosophy or religion. Another goal of the manuscript is to investigate whether artificial intelligence can be trusted to enforce human rights and whether it is right to code all AI machines with one uniform moral code, particularly in a scenario where they will be doing different jobs for different parties. Is it possible to use the diversity of moral principles as a marketing strategy, and could humans be allowed to choose the moral codes for their machines?

The research approach relied on both secondary data sources and empirical study. The secondary data sources were the websites of the central and state governments. Besides, the review of the Act applicable to homebuyers, analysis of judicial pronouncements and the Act’s impact on FDI policy add quality input to the method. Moreover, invoking the Right to Information Act, 2005, solicited information usually not available in the public domain from government sources to supplement the research database. The study’s empirical aspect assessed the Act’s impact on homebuyers, mainly and society at large through a field study of 540 homebuyers eight metro cities such as Bengaluru, Bhubaneswar, Delhi, Kochi, Hyderabad, Indore, Kolkata, and Mumbai. The sample covered the prior RERDA, 2016 enactment period and had at least two years of involvement in owning a property in a real estate project and a minimum of another two years post-legislation as of the interview date. Since the Act primarily benefits urban “middle-income settlers” dreaming of a sweet home in a lifetime, homebuyers buying up to three residential units included in the sample and investors who wanted purely for resell or rental purposes were out of consideration. The information was collected through discussion using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire about flat possession, apartment life and society management, and the developers’ approach towards homebuyers between January and May 2021. The questionnaire was reasonably trustworthy at a 1% significance level, with acceptable internal consistency and overall internal reliability (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.652). Since the sample collection was from eight capital cities, the chi-square test was used to validate the regional variation on the Act’s impact on homebuyers in the country. Root-cause analysis-Fishbone diagrammatic presentation explains the Act’s impact on homebuyers and the society.

This article investigates the issues of vaccine hesitancy and shaming, which arose in response to the implementation of World Health Organization (WHO) COVID-19 recommendations, on the social media platform of TikTok. By extending appraisal theory to include the use of visual attitudinal appraisals, the study examines the semiotic resources employed by TikTok users within the overarching context of the pandemic. A total of 254 videos expressing pro- and anti-vaccination viewpoints, posted by American and Australian users between 1 January 2021 and 31 January 2022, were extracted from the social network and subjected to a computer-assisted analysis. The study shows that vaccine hesitancy on the social networking service (SNS) is fuelled by the echo chamber effect, while any vaccine shaming on the platform may be seen as conspicuous virtue-signalling. The speakers’ evaluative language is mostly positive, since their main objective is to elicit the approval of members belonging to the same sub-cultural group. A few suggestions are made to reduce the impact of echo chambers and to encourage scientific literacy among TikTok users.

Student well-being and behaviour is assessed daily by classroom teachers at school and teachers are also asked occasionally to complete evidence-based psychology reports regarding a particular student in their class to inform clinical practice and help with diagnoses. This critical qualitative study considers the role of surveillance in schools as a tool to keep students safe and ensure well-being. Data from a two-year qualitative study provides insight from teachers, administration and IT staff regarding the use of surveillance in schools and considers ways that data can be used to assist in cognitive behaviour therapy, as well as discussing the protection of data for vulnerable and marginalized students from a FOIPPA compliance perspective. Discussions emerge as to the potential use of data tracking and data collection for staff to identify and conduct cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) in schools. The ability to use digital education records combined with advancements in technology might enable the same deep learning in education as in medicine in the areas self-regulation. Results from the study indicate. Information Technology (IT) staff struggle with their application of privacy matters and may not be using data tracking as a means to develop and document well-being for students and staff.

This research aims to identify the challenges of the food security indicators in the GCC countries for the period 2000-2020. The study applies three alternatives to panel data analysis. The results find that population is a significant driver of food security challenges in the GCC countries. Moreover, food price inflation has a significant affect the food availability and stability but show no significance on food access and utilization. Fertilizer consumption has significant challenges the food utilization. The results show that there is evidence of significant differences in food security across the GCC countries. The random-effects estimators of regression coefficients of food availability and stability challenges are more statistically efficient than those for pooled ordinary least square and fixed effects. While the fixed effects estimators are most preferred for the coefficients of food access and utilization challenges. The study recommends that decision-makers embark on interferences that stimulate food security to meet the continual increase in population also future research should be applied on the other factors that challenged food security.

Social factors are great drivers of economic growth and it could result to tangible benefits that can trigger sustainable development. This paper argues that social factors can contribute to sustainable economic growth because social development leads to healthy, educated and productive citizens who can bring economic contributions. This paper intends to explore the effect of social factors to economic growth through a time series analysis among 58 countries (n=290 data) over the period 2014 to 2018. By conducting correlation and regression analyses, the study highlights that social factors such as population, health, education, development, labor force, environment, military, and geography have significant relationships and effect with the economic growth indicators such as GDP, GDP growth, GDP-per-capita, GNI, GNI-per-capita, manufacturing, and tourism.

The aim of this manuscript is introduce and present an academician pursuit with promoting and encouraging school social work with special education children in Belfast, Northern Ireland. The methodology of autobiographical accounts was used. The autobiographical accounts in terms of “specific behaviour” “specific situation” and specific encounter” were discussed. Themes and appropriate intervention were offered.

Despite adopting the English language as the main language, English language proficiency exams were instituted. These English proficiency exams have triggered mixed reactions. The study through the adoption of quantitative methodology examined hundred (100) respondents. The study discovered that there were pre-existing negative perceptions about these English language tests which influenced the reactions of the respondents.

This paper aims to explore the concept of stewardship theory applied in the finances of cooperatives. It analyzed patterns between total receivables and gross income, total assets and net surplus, total equity and total assets, number of members and paid-up shares, and paid-up shares and retained earnings over a 7-year panel data of audited financial statements of 657 cooperatives in the seven (7) provinces of the Cordillera Administrative Region, Philippines. A curve estimate was used to interpret the cooperatives’ commitment to stewardship theory as applied in their finances. The result reveals weaknesses in terms of the cooperatives’ commitment to stewardship theory that could bring negative impact on their financial performance. The result brings practical implication which recommends that the cooperative leaders, members and employees must have greater commitment to financial stewardship.

Paulo Freire popularized the Portuguese term conscientização, in his work Pedagogy of the Oppressed (1970). His book noted students as oppressed by an education system by singling out the teacher-student relationship and offered insight into policy changes and approaches to teaching that considered student-centered education and the development of student discourse. Fifty years later, this paper presents a critical investigation of the impact of technology devices used in education among vulnerable and marginalized populations as a highly significant and needed focus, given the rapidly increasing reliance on internet-based technologies across the increasingly diverse communities comprising our public educational system. Current school technology agreements and poorly worded surveillance policies may silence vulnerable and marginalized populations voice or agency for students challenged by past trauma, lived experiences, emotion dysregulation or specifically a Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD). Teachers, administrators, technology staff and school board members were asked questions related to their understanding of policies related to technology and surveillance of devices such as laptops, cell phones, iPads and school sponsored BYOD programs. The information collected served as an indicator for which to measure the content knowledge and experience of the participants as well as the individual perceived goals or intentions of the participants school in relation to surveillance of staff and students. Data collected during the study indicated surveillance is attributed to five themes: well-being, assessment, policy, security, punitive. Key findings included: an assumption that school technology agreements included the use of personal devices and schools may not uniquely identify inappropriate behaviour. Additionally, assumptions informed the personal use of technology during school hours with administrators and IT staff referencing general larger district acceptable use policies assumed to be accepted as applicable to all technology equipment and general use. Assumptions regarding the enforcement of the technology agreement applications to personally owned cell phones at school, were enforced during tests; and considered generally accepted privacy concerns by students and staff related to the inappropriate recording of others through taking pictures; video; but extending to accessing social media. Finally, IT staff and administration shared parental concerns of the surveillance of students on Google and phones.

This paper presents a formula for calculating a reinsurance premium which has been determined by incorporating a lognormal-burr model into a risk-adjusted premium calculating principle called the PH-transform principle. The lognormal-burr model has been selected and validated as the best fitting model for the used insurance data among the eight candidates of composite lognormal models. The formula has then been applied in calculating reinsurance premiums for an automobile insurance branch under an excess of loss non-proportional reinsurance treaty.

Monitoring and assessing student thinking, facilitating mathematical processes and increasing student engagement are key issues for practicing elementary mathematics teachers. Awareness of student thinking allows teachers to plan lessons according to zones of proximal development and pace teaching, and group members accordingly. Awareness also allows teachers to catch misconceptions early. This article examines the use of Google Classroom to facilitate the mathematical processes of communication, representation, reasoning and justification or proof, allowing arguments to be built on prior knowledge that is accessible and readily available and noting the particular benefit for students of age 10-12 who benefit from shared awareness and subsequent student calibration when sharing their thinking at this age.

This study employs empirical methods and the V-dem index and Risse, Sikkink scheme to fully understand the cases at various points in time. The study discovered that under no circumstances, from the V-dem index to the Risse scheme, was human rights upheld in Libya despite the legislations that were put in place by Gaddafi to check it. The legislations were instead a mere ploy to control dissents. The study concludes that human rights has become a significant ideology that projects propaganda.

While Action Research (AR) in health systems is well established, there is a dearth of research about how its reflection phase is pragmatically employed with time-poor healthcare teams, especially within AR implemented in the Global South. This paper presents the findings of a nested qualitative study within PERFORM2Scale, a 5-year Health Systems AR project in Ghana, Malawi, and Uganda. It aimed to unpack the challenges, facilitators, and lessons learned about enacting the reflection phase of the AR cycle withdistrict health management teams (DHMTs) implementing a management strengthening intervention (MSI). Semi-structured interviews and focus groups with district health managers and country research teams (CRTs) were conducted, and thematically analysed. Study findings indicate that pragmatic barriers such as time constraints, high staff turnover, and challenges utilizing a reflection diary impeded enaction of reflection. However, DHMTs more effectively engaged in reflection when conducted collectively and dialogically, and when the mechanism of reflection aligned with existing workplace processes and context. The findings indicate that for the reflection phase to be effective, it requires consistent engagement and focused support throughout all phase of the AR cycle and in ways which are contextually relevant, responsive, and collaborative.

In light of the recent contention arising over the likely misplacement of children of Brazilian immigrants in Japanese special education classes, this study aims to identify specific problems that may exist regarding the placement process as well as the factors that may contribute to it so that appropriate policy can be developed. The measurement tool, consisting of in-depth interviews with 21 stakeholders including Japanese nationals and Brazilian immigrants, followed the tenets of Constructivist Grounded Theory. From the discourse, five main factors of import affecting the decisions of stakeholders emerged: Linguistic and Cultural Related Misunderstandings of Information, Limitations Concerning Counseling and Life-Educational Planning, Requests for Improving the Support System for Non-Japanese Students, Importance of a Second Opinion, Cultural and Linguistic Effects when Evaluating Non-Japanese Students. The study provides policy recommendations aimed at improving the support system for immigrant communities who face a variety of stresses living in an unfamiliar culture.