The fiscal authorities coordinate on the ‘labor leg’ of the Leontief production function in a firm optimization problem. The ‘government production function’ complements labor in the ‘private’ production function. The monetary authorities, à la the theory of the monetary circuit, directly or through the mediation of banks underwrite the employment contract. In an alternative scenario, workers are self-employed entrepreneurs. We compare and contrast the relationships in the former model with the atomistic market of the latter.

The purpose of this study is to examine the match-related performance (scores and penalties) of the athletes in the Junior EJC (European Judo Championship) and U23 EJC categories before and immediately after the Covid-19 quarantine, according to sex and weight category groups. Our sample was based on the junior and U23, male and females, 2019-2020 Junior European Judo Championships and 2019-2020 U23 European Judo Championships. A total of 1431 matches in these tournaments were analysed: male (n=812) and female (n=619). The main findings of this study showed that most matches in both the male and female categories resulted in ippon (2019-2020 average: 64,35% for Junior male, 70,55% for U23 male and 69,3% for Junior female, 64,4% for U23 female). No significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed between sex and age groups concerning the match scores. In the formation phase of the technique, considerations of high- and low-intensity actions, and analysis of the speed of athletes during matches in official competitions can help to better understand the dynamics of the variability of movements in judo matches. In addition, suggestions are presented to be applied to athletes in different age categories who are on the way to become Olympic athletes.

Misophonia is a disorder of decreased tolerance to specific sounds or stimuli associated with such sounds, called triggers. The aim was to validate a questionnaire on self-perception of the type of sound, visual identification, and origin of sounds in adults with suspected misophonia by Spanish-speaking people. An interview was conducted with a total of 395 participants, divided into four distinct blocks of questions: the trigger of misophonia, the visual identification of gestures or actions related to selective sounds, the emotional closeness between listener and sender, and the impact on the daily personal relationships of the person with misophonia. Each block used classical test theory to factorially validate the instrument. The first group of questions gave as a result four factors: mouth and throat sounds, environmental sounds, material sounds, and pronunciation sounds (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.929; KMO = 0.894). The second group identified two dimensions of reaction to actions and gestures, one related to movements of the mouth and throat and the second to body movements or exaggerated gesticulation (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.840; KMO = 0.819). The third block linked low and high emotional closeness factors (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.690; KMO = 0.633). The fourth block obtained a factor for daily chores and another for affective relationships (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.861; KMO = 0.820). The questionnaire offers valuable insights into the nature of misophonia, and the necessity for further research in this field. These findings emphasize the importance of developing a comprehensive understanding of misophonia to enhance diagnosis.

As a crossroads, the Horn of Africa is characterized by a diversity of ethnic groups, religions, and cultures. Since the wave of Western colonialism, the countries of the Horn of Africa have been embroiled in internal conflicts, and Ethiopia, the Sudan, South Sudan, and Somalia have long failed to resolve their communal conflicts. Previous studies have described the outbreak of conflicts or civil wars in terms of competition for resources, ethnic identity, and colonial legacy. The civil conflicts in the four countries in the Horn of Africa are a typical case of heterogeneity. Through the path-dependency approach, this paper takes colonial rule as the starting point and state construction as the node to analyze how the four cases develop step by step leading to the occurrence of internal conflicts. The study shows that all four cases failed to properly solve the problem of state construction and build a system of power balance among ethnic groups, which led to the repeated planning of inter-ethnic conflicts and the formation of conflicts.

This is a qualitative study in the Eastern Caribbean that describes the lived experiences of transgender and gender nonconforming individuals.

Participation in a pediatric, complex randomized controlled trial (RCT) might add to the family burden when a child is diagnosed with a severe disease. This study explored parents’ and children’s motivation to and experiences of participation in a research study shortly after the child had been diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. Sixteen parents and nine children were interviewed by an independent researcher about their inducement, the decision-making process within the family which led to their participation, and their experience of having done so. The result showed that the parents wanted to contribute to improve treatment for children with diabetes in general but also specifically for their own child. Older children were more involved in the decision making than the younger children. Study information needs to be communicated clearly and effectively since decision-making based on information of a clinical trial directly after the child’s diabetes onset proved difficult.

This paper provides a novel exploration of extreme global poverty using an original framework that combines critiques of cruelty with the concept of necro-economics. Departing from conventional perspectives on inequality and poverty that accept both as necessary, I contend that global inequality is inherently cruel in outcome and in the becoming cruel of necro-economic subjects. Necro-economics, conceptualized by Warren Montag, is an underutilized concept within the broader biopolitical discourse. Like necro-politics, necro-economics emphasizes the centrality of death within modern economic apparatuses. I show how the concept can be usefully applied to understanding the global economy. The study re-evaluates two perspectives on global poverty (human rights and structural violence) and suggests that both are inadequate for explaining the role of cruelty within the system. To address this gap, I turn to the work of Zygmunt Bauman to show how the global economy, as a necro-economic system engenders a process of cruel subjectivation. The necro-economic framework developed within this paper reveals the global economic system to be one that requires suffering from those at the margins while simultaneously cultivating a callous indifference amongst those at the center. This occurs through self-reinforcing processes of distancing and substituting technical for moral responsibility. In conclusion, the paper establishes that the global economic structure perpetuates suffering through the becoming cruel of necro-economic subjects, shedding new light on the intricate relationship between capitalism, inequality, and human suffering.

The vitality of the industry impacts the academe in many aspects. The most pressing change in the sector cascaded in the academe is the Fourth Industrial Revolution or 4IR. The paper, with the World Economic Forum’s top 10 skills needed in 2025 as a framework, determined the readiness of Readings in Philippine History as a General Education Course core subject to the prerequisites of 4IR through Content Analysis. Nine of the ten WEF skills matched the learning competencies. These said competencies were incorporated into the strategies for teaching, instructional materials used, and assessment of learning conducted, but an essential feature of 4IR, the use of technologies for future skills, needed to be improved.

Existing markers of early-stage entrepreneurial action may risk limiting the inclusivity of our theorising. Through the systematic review of sampling approaches (n=83) over the past 15 years (2008-2022), we inductively develop four boundary categories. These categories, developed from papers’ ontological and epistemological choices, shed light on what is currently included and what is potentially being left out in early-stage venturing research. Their utility is to empower researchers to put forward new contexts as well as alternative study participants as “entrepreneurial” in their research efforts.

Why and how do M&A overall destroy value? This study of two mergers and acquisitions (M&A) cases generates propositions exploring that question. The human capital entering the merged firm was shaped in congruence with pre-M&A institutional constraints (e.g., rules, incentives) and is institution specific. The human capital value is dependent on, not independent of, pre-M&A institutions. However, the combining of two firms likely alters the firm institutions and gives rise to the incongruence of institutions and the human capital. This incongruence precipitates the devaluation of the human capital, which causes post-M&A production loss. This study improves the firm-specific human capital theory by connecting institutions as the key attribute of a firm to human capital and thus explains human capital devaluation in M&A, in which workers mostly do not change firm. This study also highlights the practical importance of assessing a target’s institutional fit pre-transaction and avoiding unnecessary institutional changes post-transaction.

This study focused on evaluating the psychometric properties of the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised (NAQ-R) within a sample of Brazilian teachers, addressing the gap in the scientific literature on workplace bullying in Brazil. Despite over 52,000 recorded cases in 2021, most research on school violence in Brazil has overlooked teacher victimization, focusing instead on students. The NAQ-R, developed to measure exposure to workplace bullying, originally included 23 items but was later revised to 22. It assesses three factors of bullying: personal, work-related, and physically intimidating forms. However, this study discovered a two-factor structure, combining personal bullying with physically intimidating forms. Using a large sample of Brazilian teachers, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed, alongside assessing convergent validity with the Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20 (SRQ-20), an instrument for screening common mental disorders. The NAQ-R exhibited adequate internal consistency and validity, correlating positively with the SRQ-20, indicating its effectiveness in measuring workplace bullying among teachers. The study, however, had limitations. Data collection via convenience sampling might have influenced the results. Despite this, the findings align with international studies, suggesting the measure’s stability. The study highlights the need for further qualitative research to deepen our understanding of workplace bullying. Interventions informed by the detection of workplace bullying could include organizational policies against work harassment and the adoption of ethical leadership styles.

This study analyzes PISA 2018 data to assess academic outcomes for 15-year-old U.S. students in reading, math, and science, focusing on variables like gender, ethnicity, home language, and parental education. Results highlight parental socioeconomic factors as key to academic disparities. Contrary to prior research, school location had minimal impact. Gender, language, and ethnicity were significant; girls excelled in reading, boys in math and science, while Spanish-speaking and Black students underperformed. The study advocates for targeted resources in disadvantaged areas and broad settings that include parental engagement and language support to promote equal academic opportunities.

Rigorous academics in high school is one of the most important predictors of college success. Through the College Board's AP program students can earn college credit in high school. The lack of equitable participation in AP has not gone unnoticed by educators. This qualitative study was designed to fill a gap by investigating equity-focused AP programs in two urban districts in the Midwest. This multiple-case study centered the voices of 29 school leaders in two urban school districts who shared descriptions of their beliefs, actions, and reflections about AP leadership practices. The findings show examples of community-engaged social justice leadership.

Abstract: Nature experience is a relatively easy and beneficial measure for improving emotions. Individuals experience nature through proximal senses (tactile, taste, and olfactory) and distal senses (vision and audition). This study examined the relationships between diverse natural senses experience and individuals’ positive and negative emotions, along with the mediating role of nature connectedness. A sample of 978 college students (Mage = 20.09 ± 1.09 years old) from Beijing were recruited to complete the Natural Five Senses Experience Scale, Connectedness to Nature Scale, and Positive and Negative Emotions Scales.The results showed that tactile experience (e.g., touching trees and water) was negatively related to negative emotions while taste experience (e.g., tasting fresh fruits and vegetables) was positively correlated with positive emotions. In addition, nature connectedness mediated the relationship between other natural sensory experiences and positive and negative emotions, except for the insignificant mediation between olfactory experiences and negative emotions. These results suggest that individuals should emphasize the role of the proximal senses (especially tactile and taste experiences) during nature experiences and increase nature connectedness to maintain positive emotions.

At present, there are few studies on the antecedents of benevolent leadership, and it is regard as a static characteristic. At the same time, research on the effects of sleep generally focuses on the psychology and behavior of oneself. This study discusses the effect of manager sleep on benevolent leadership through emotional exhaustion, and extends the effect to deviant behavior of employees, using job stress as a moderating variable. Based on the self-regulation theory and experience sampling method, 497 unit-days samples were analyzed by multilevel path analysis and Monte Carlo simulation test, and the results were obtained: manager sleep quality is positively related to benevolent leadership, and emotional exhaustion plays a mediating role. Benevolent leadership is negatively related to employee’s deviant behavior. Manager sleep quality affects employee deviant behavior through emotional exhaustion and benevolent leadership. Job stress negatively moderated the negative relationship between manager sleep quality and emotional exhaustion. Finally, we discuss the theoretical contribution, practical implication of this research and future prospects.

Aim: The main aim of the study was to analyze the differences in Home Advantage (HA) and Win Percentage at Home (HW). A secondary objective was to analyze how team ability might modify the HA effect by comparing the interaction between the HA effect and the team ability effect in both fans games and games played without fans. Methods: Data was collected from first Spanish female Basketball Divisions. Linear mixed model (LMM) for repeated measures was used to identify differences between period (fans vs without fans) for HA and HW. Results: When comparing games with and without fans, no significant differences were found in both HA and HW (p = .283 and p = .872, respectively). Interestingly, higher values were observed when fans were absent from the stadiums. Additionally, during the pandemic stage, HA increased, but it returned to pre-pandemic levels afterward, with no significant differences (p = .482). Similarly, HW increased during the COVID period and seems to continue improving in the post-pandemic phase, but again, no significant differences were found (p = .772). Conclusions: Higher HA and HW were shown without fans during the pandemic compared to pre-pandemic games with fans in women’s professional basketball. Additionally, During Post-pandemic period, HA decreased upon fans’ return, while HW continued increasing.

The ideal yet rarely discussed item to be addressed when talking about development, growth, and maturity during adolescence is various notions connected to sexual orientation with gender identity, relationship preferences, and role uncertainty as a life crisis. Trust, safety, acceptance, communication, and, comprehending one's wants and expectations from a relationship are some essential components of intimacy.

The assessed how banks effectively managed the new capital requirement implementation in 2017-2018 and the effect of the change management mechanism on the performance of the banks. The study administered a structured questionnaire to 302 Branch Managers of 23 banks and interview 13 General Managers of some of the banks. The study used mean and standard deviation to analyze the effectiveness of change management practices during the new capital requirements. Structural Equation Model (SEM) was used to estimate the impact of change management mechanisms on the performance of the banks. The study found that the listed banks effectively applied the change management mechanisms during the new capital requirement implementation. Change management mechanism as a whole has a statistically significant positive impact on the performance of the banks. MAD Statement This article aims to Make a Difference (MAD) by positioning the notion of change management mechanisms at the core of management of regulatory changes in banks in Ghana. This is done by assessing how banks managed the new capital requirement introduced by Bank of Ghana in 2018 and how the change management affect operational and financial performance of the banks. The study may help inform management of banking sector about which change management mechanism significantly contribute to improving the financial and operational performance of banks to effectively inform management of regulatory changes in the future.