Objectives To pilot test a mental health chatbot designed to screen users for psychological distress and refer to resources, addressing the strain on the U.S. behavioral healthcare workforce and exacerbated behavioral health challenges among U.S. adults due to COVID-19. Methods Data were collected via a national, cross-sectional, internet-based survey of U.S. adults. Measures included demographics, symptoms, stigma, technology acceptance, willingness to use the chatbot, and chatbot acceptability. Relationships between these variables were explored using chi-square tests, correlations, and logistic regression. Results Of 222 participants, 75.7% completed mental health screening within the chatbot. Participants found the chatbot to be acceptable. Demographic predictors of chatbot use included being White or Black/African American, identifying as Hispanic/Latino, having dependents, having insurance coverage, having used mental health services in the past, having a diagnosed mental health condition, and reporting current distress. Logistic regression produced a significant model with perceived usefulness and symptoms as significant positive predictors of chatbot use for the overall sample, and label avoidance as the only significant predictor of chatbot use for those currently experiencing distress. Discussion Chatbot technology may be a feasible and acceptable way to screen large numbers of people for psychological distress and disseminate mental health resources. Since label avoidance was identified as the single significant predictor of chatbot use among currently distressed individuals, chatbot technology may be one way to circumnavigate stigma as a barrier to engagement in behavioral health care. Limitations Recruitment through Amazon’s mTurk limits generalizability of our findings, and chi-square test effect sizes were small.

This study of realpolitics that perennially occurs in Civic elections.

From a bardic composition to sacred literature, a story legitimizing a monarchy to a story epitomizing the morals of a postcolonial nation, the Ramayana narrative does not belong to any specific moment in history. Riding the waves of cultural nationalism, it has emerged as the epic of the nation to the vision of an empire. This paper examines the imperialist repertoire and hegemonic presence of the narrative in relation to the body-politic of the Indian nation state. This is important because ‘empire is a cultural artefact as well as a geopolitical entity; it belongs to a geography of the mind as well as a geography of power’ (Hinderaker 1996). Against the popular liberal readings of this narrative, this essay argues that Ramayana narrative has emerged as the dominant ideological apparatus when it comes to hinduization of the public sphere, the legitimization of the nation’s annexation policy (‘Greater India’ rhetoric), the othering of Muslims as foreign subjects, and subordination of women and subaltern communities at large. What ‘Aeneid’ was to the Roman Empire, ’Paradise Lost’ to the British Empire, the Ramayana is to the Indian national empire. The secular liberal understanding of Ramayana and its appropriations in relation to secularism and fundamentalism are too narrow. The paper offers a critique of the liberals’ readings of ‘my Rama vs. your Rama’ binarism and argues that such ‘reformist’ readings are inside the grids of Brahminical- nationalist cultural hegemony. I place the Ramayana critics in two groups: the insider critics (such as A.K. Ramanujan, Paula Richman, and Arshia Sattar) who critically analyse the epic in a way to support and sustain the epic and its ideals, and the outsider critics (Ambedkar, Periyar, Phule) who would see the Hindu Ramayana as part of a hegemonic tradition. The outsider critics argue for an ontological and epistemological exit and a “disengagement” with such epics for an emancipatory discourse of our time, i.e., Dalit-Bahujan, feminist, indigenous and decolonial discourses at large. Thus, the criticism here is not against one Ramayana or the other but is a critique against the fundamentals of the narrative and its relation to the Indian nation state.

This systematic review protocol aims to summarise the existing evidence on the characteristics of social support associated with alleviating the effects of poverty on the psychological wellbeing of refugees and asylum-seekers resettled in Western Countries. The evidence will allow better understanding of the psychological dimensions of poverty and forced migration. The findings will contribute to resaerch on improving psychologically informed policy and interventions that seek to tackle the effects of poverty on the psychological wellbeing of refugees and asylum-seekers in resettlement in Western countries.

This study aimed to examine the management of family disease in Covid 19 patients. 204 families with patients recovered from Covid-19 were selected based on purposive and voluntary sampling and responded to family disease management (FDM) scale. The CFA results showed that the 30-items scale provided a good fit. Cronbach alpha test indicated 0.95 for the total scale and higher 0.89 in three subscales. Three factors were showed family support, family normalization, and family participation. The FDM scale could be a valid and reliable scale for determining the function of the family in the management of Covid-19 for this population.

This paper reports on a research project which involved designing innovative debating materials for gifted students in South Korea. Samples of the created materials are presented along with a detailed literature review and rationale for the choices made in developing these materials.

Uses publically-available police data on injury crashes in Britain plus the Department of Transport's National Travel Survey

There were 16 face-to-face interviews with healthcare workers from several hospitals and medical centers in Jordan in which COVID-19 treatment was provided during the pandemic. Given that recalling these traumatic experiences might be traumatic for some HCWs, all interviews were conducted by experienced health social workers. The interviews were conducted in Arabic, and the interview transcripts were subsequently translated to English to facilitate reporting. The information obtained through interviews was subjected to thematic analysis, which consisted of six phases: familiarization, coding, searching for themes, reviewing themes, defining and naming themes, and writing up (Braun & Clarke, 2006).  The 16 HCWs that took part in the interviews were predominantly female (n =10, 62.5%), worked as nurses (n =10, 62.5%), and were single (n = 7, 43.8%),

Previous research on antecedents of abusive supervision has focused on supervisors’ stable characteristics but has not focused on subordinates’ dynamic cognitive leadership processes. Drawing from leadership categorization theory, we propose that authoritarian leadership activates subordinates’ anti-prototype of leaders and perceptions of more abusive supervision. Moreover, such a relationship is moderated by subordinates’ ideal and typical leadership schema, with the former representing individual preference and the latter representing the social norm. Using an experiment (N = 344) and a multi-wave field study (N = 249), we found that subordinates holding high ideal leadership prototypicality (e.g., my ideal leader is sensitive) and low typical leadership anti-prototypicality (e.g., other leaders are domineering) perceive more leadership anti-prototypicality and more abusive supervision when faced with authoritarian leadership. Our research enriches the existing literature on leadership by providing a cognitive perspective that explains how subordinates’ implicit leadership schemas play a role in the leadership perception process.

American anthropologist Mary Douglas coined the phrase “Where there is dirt, there is system.” This phrase is considered in the context of diverse case studies: the Dalits of India, the condition of anorexia, and food taboos among the Orang Asli community of Malaysia. The paper argues that underlying diverse societies is a need to achieve system and structure by distinguishing between the acceptable and the unacceptable as related to matters of health and taboo.

Digital gamification is becoming more prevalent in higher education, yet a research gap regarding the socio-material imbrications arising from this pedagogical practice and its relationship to lecturer professional subjectivities was discovered. This presentation reports on data from a larger qualitative study conducted in a Middle Eastern tertiary institution where the use of Kahoot! is commonplace. Semi-structured interviews with lecturers from varied academic disciplines and observations of live sessions were conducted. The socio-material narrative analysis revealed the lecturers’ subjectivities as inspirational performers, arising both from their social self-presentations and the embedded digital materiality of the Kahoot! platform. The study contributes to the expanding body of socio-material research in higher education and concludes by suggesting that future studies should attend to both the social and materially produced aspects of lecturer subjectivities in gamification.

The role of public libraries has changed significantly over the last few decades, but they remain popular and are increasingly well-positioned to support the mental health and wellbeing needs of members of the community. We conducted a cross-sectional online survey and interview-based study with community-dwelling adults to explore the potential of libraries as community hubs to tackle health and digital inequalities and promote mental and physical health and wellbeing. We analysed data from electronic survey and interviews to gauge perceptions. Descriptive statistics and thematic analysis were used to identify key trends and emergent themes. Our study findings show that libraries remain popular and are considered a ‘safe place’ by community members, irrespective of whether they are frequent users of services. Libraries already offer a variety of resources that either directly or indirectly support health and wellbeing, but public awareness of these services is limited and acts as a hurdle to improving community health and wellbeing. Targeted engagement with residents is needed to increase awareness of the services libraries offer, including community interventions to help tackle loneliness and inequalities in digital and health literacy. There was a clarion call for library staff to be more involved in decision-making. By acting as community hubs, libraries are ideally suited to deliver interventions to help tackle the existing and emergent health and digital inequalities following the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Sexual diseases are widespread, although many people are unaware of their high prevalence and potential risks of being infected by sexual diseases such as human papillomavirus, human immunodeficiency virus, syphilis, and gonococcal infection. Furthermore, due to the associated social stigma with sexual disorders, individuals are inclined not to reveal their previous or current sexual diseases. Therefore, sexual diseases slowly and insidiously spread among healthy individuals. Prevention methods have been developed to increase awareness of these diseases. However, further measurements are necessary to reduce the spread of sexual disorders. Thus, we aim to discuss the potential benefits and risks of sexual health code application to record previous sexual partners without revealing their identities. Such applications may also notify last sexual partners in case of present sexual diseases. Thereby, it may increase testing for sexual diseases in those individuals with sexual diseases. If they were not appropriately tested, the application may have a notification that can only be removed after the sexual examination shows they do not have the contagious sexual disease.

National research funding regulates government research expenditures and thus greatly affects the sustainability of the academic disciplines. This study examined the sustainability of linguistics based on national research funding over the past 20 years (2000-2020). In particular, we used a bibliometric approach to examine the evolutionary trends in the number of topics, important factors, and major research themes in the field of linguistics based on the National Social Science Foundation (NSSFC). The main findings are three-fold and summarized as follows. First, a significant increase in awarded grants in linguistics was found over the examined periods. Second, influential factors such as regions, institutions, and academic ranks significantly affected the likelihood of receiving research grants. Third, eight major research themes were identified, along with their evolving trends. These identified research themes were similar to those in previous studies and focused on basic research. The results further indicate: (1) linguistics as an academic discipline in China has undergone sustainable growth over the examined periods; (2) close attention should be given to critical factors that affect the chance of receiving research grants; (3) research grants reflect government’s strategic plans to sustain the growth of academic disciplines; (4) research grants can work as a helpful tool for mining research information. Practically, while the present study has taken China as the representative case, the methods in use nevertheless have high ecological validity, thus being applicable to future studies concerning mining research themes from voluminous, diachronic text data. Besides, the current results can also serve as practical references for prospective researchers and applicants in their decision-making process.

Effortful behavior sustains family life, makes careers, and improves mental health. Effort is a motivational construct that is typically distinguished from physical and mental energy in diagnostic systems. However, overlapping neural substrates pertaining to the dopamine system tie these constructs together. To shed light on this conflict, here we assessed the individual contributions of mental energy, performance feedback, arithmetic skill, and caffeine to effortful decision-making in a novel, low-cost, high-throughput behavioral task that we designed to measure known dopaminergic functions. In this task, participants chose to expend high or low cognitive effort, solving arithmetic questions in working memory, while taking into account the size of reward associated with each choice, and also the likelihood of winning the reward. We found that individuals high in mental energy chose to expend high cognitive effort when the reward probability was high, but that low energy individuals made fewer high effort choices even when the rewards were likely. High energy individuals prioritized feedback from high effort tasks, whereas low energy individuals responded to feedback from low effort tasks. Arithmetic accuracy, a reward contingency, was predicted by an index of arithmetic skill and caffeine consumption. Shared variances between mental energy, arithmetic accuracy, and cognitive effort point to overlapping substrates. Insights gained have important implications for job and academic environments in which mental effort is key to success.

Gender equality is one important sustainable development goal. This goal has so many positive aspects in the development path of a nation. And gender equality can only be achieved through providing education to all. Because in developing countries like India social behavior is that males are bread earners and females, only take care of the family. If we do not give importance to female education, then there will be very high gender disparity in workforce participation and gender inequality.

Servant leadership has received a great deal of academic attention in recent years, and its core tenet is a servant-oriented leadership style for followers. Previous research has found positive effects of servant leadership, while this paper challenges this finding and offers a new perspective. Servant leadership emphasizes the service and assistance for all followers. However, as leaders have limited resources and time, servant leadership has the possibility to decentralize leaders’ attention, thus affecting team effectiveness. Based on a survey including 109 leaders and 636 followers, we find an inverted U-shape relationship between servant leadership behavior and the team-level in-role performance and extra-role organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) through team leader-member exchange differentiation (LMXD). Thus, this study extends the research on servant leadership and suggests that the middle level servant leadership behavior benefits team development most.

The data of this study come from the survey of farmers in Suiyang District and Yucheng County in Shangqiu City, Yanjin County in Xinxiang City, and Ruyang County in Luoyang City, Henan Province, organized by the research team in July and August 2019. This household survey involved a total of more than 850 farm households in 5 towns and 28 administrative villages, of which 814 were effective farmers. This survey focuses on the theme of farmland transfer, transfer contracts, and agricultural scale management. To ensure the quality of the survey, the main steps of the survey included the following: (1) According to the regional representation and the differences in local farmers’ income level, soil and water conditions, geographical location, etc., the four counties and districts under the jurisdiction of the three cities in Henan Province were selected as the research sites, mainly because the economic development level and topography of these four counties and districts were similar. There are obvious differences, which are representative. Suiyang District and Yucheng County of Shangqiu City are located in eastern Henan and are mainly plains. They are the core areas of national high-standard basic farmland construction and the national commodity grain base. Yanjin County, Xinxiang City is located in the Yellow River Basin in the north of Henan Province, and the whole territory is on a plain. It belongs to the national high-quality wheat production base and the main production base of grain and cotton in China. Ruyang County, Luoyang City is located in western Henan, with a mountainous area of more than 900 km2, accounting for 70.2% of the total area. (2) To ensure the randomness of sample selection, the research group randomly selected 1-2 townships (towns) in each of the above four counties and districts, and each township (town) selected 3-4 administrative villages. Each village randomly selected approximately 30 households for the household survey. Farmers who participated in this research were also selected randomly within each village. They were members of the family who played a direct role in the decision-making of farmland transfer, and all of them reached the age of 18. After the farmers confirmed the purpose of the survey and signed their consent, the survey was carried out. The investigation was conducted with the purpose of the investigation was informed and consent was obtained. After the survey, respondents were informed about how the data collected might be used and each respondent received a gift valued at 25 Chinese Yuan. The survey was anonymous, and the data was only used for scientific research. The detailed information and privacy of the respondents were protected. (3) To ensure the quality of the survey data, the participants who carried out this survey were all graduate students and senior undergraduates of our school. Before the formal survey, each person was systematically trained, including the content of the questionnaire and the exact meaning of each question. After processing the unsuitable samples, the final selected sample included 258 transfer-out households from 28 administrative villages.