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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id>authorea</journal-id>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Authorea</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22541/essoar.169447394.41661304/v1</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Modeling the Distribution of Iron-oxides in Basalt by combining FIB-SEM
and MicroCT Measurements</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-1304-9095</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Out</surname>
            <given-names>Frenk</given-names>
          </name>
          <address>
            <institution>Utrecht University</institution>
          </address>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-0944-9424</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Boer</surname>
            <given-names>Rosa A de</given-names>
          </name>
          <address>
            <institution>Utrecht University</institution>
          </address>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name>
            <surname>Walmsley</surname>
            <given-names>John</given-names>
          </name>
          <address>
            <institution>University of Cambridge</institution>
          </address>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-1151-5662</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Groot</surname>
            <given-names>Lennart Vincent de</given-names>
          </name>
          <address>
            <institution>Utrecht University</institution>
          </address>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date date-type="preprint" publication-format="electronic">
        <day>11</day>
        <month>9</month>
        <year>2023</year>
      </pub-date>
      <self-uri xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.22541/essoar.169447394.41661304/v1">This preprint is available at https://doi.org/10.22541/essoar.169447394.41661304/v1</self-uri>
      <abstract abstract-type="abstract">
        <p>Micromagnetic tomography (MMT) aims to go beyond paleomagnetic
measurements on bulk samples by obtaining magnetic moments for
individual iron-oxide grains present in a sample. To obtain accurate MMT
results all magnetic sources and all their magnetic signals should be
known. Small particles (&lt;&lt;1 µm) are often not
detected by MicroCT analyses, but do have a magnetic signal, and
therefore hamper obtaining reliable MMT results. Currently it is unknown
how many of these small ‘ghost grains’ are present in basaltic samples.
Here we aim to obtain a realistic grain-size distribution for
iron-oxides in a typical Hawaiian basalt. We characterize the entire
grain-size range of interest to paleomagnetism, from the
superparamagnetic threshold of ∼40 nm to multidomain grains with sizes
up to 10 μm. This requires a combination of FIB-SEM slice-and-view and
MicroCT techniques: FIB-SEM characterizes the grains between 20 nm and 1
μm and MicroCT detects iron-oxides &gt;750 nm. The FIB-SEM and
MicroCT data are combined through normalizing the grain-size
distribution using the surface area of non-magnetic minerals that are
characterised in both datasets. Then, a lognormal-like grain-size
distribution is acquired for the entire grain-size range. Our dataset
enables future studies to populate (MMT) models with a realistic
distribution of even the smallest iron-oxide grains, which ultimately
may shed light on the confounding influence of such ghost grains on MMT
results.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group kwd-group-type="author-created">
        <kwd>fib-sem</kwd>
        <kwd>ghost grains</kwd>
        <kwd>grain-size distribution</kwd>
        <kwd>iron-oxides</kwd>
        <kwd>micromagnetic tomography</kwd>
        <kwd>paleomagnetism</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
