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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id>authorea</journal-id>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Authorea</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22541/au.160322401.17682041/v2</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>phage surface induced modulation of inflammatory responses</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name>
            <surname>Safari</surname>
            <given-names>Zohreh</given-names>
          </name>
          <address>
            <institution>Tarbiat Modares University Faculty of Biological Sciences</institution>
          </address>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name>
            <surname>Sadeghizadeh</surname>
            <given-names>Majid</given-names>
          </name>
          <address>
            <institution>Tarbiat Modares University Faculty of Biological Sciences</institution>
          </address>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name>
            <surname>Hosseini</surname>
            <given-names>Ahmad Zavaran</given-names>
          </name>
          <address>
            <institution>Tarbiat Modares University Faculty of Medical Sciences</institution>
          </address>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name>
            <surname>Bardaania</surname>
            <given-names>Hassan</given-names>
          </name>
          <address>
            <institution>Yasuj University of Medical Sciences</institution>
          </address>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="no">
          <name>
            <surname>Soudi</surname>
            <given-names>Sara</given-names>
          </name>
          <address>
            <institution>Tarbiat Modares University Faculty of Medical Sciences</institution>
          </address>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date date-type="preprint" publication-format="electronic">
        <day>18</day>
        <month>2</month>
        <year>2021</year>
      </pub-date>
      <self-uri xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.22541/au.160322401.17682041/v2">This preprint is available at https://doi.org/10.22541/au.160322401.17682041/v2</self-uri>
      <abstract abstract-type="abstract">
        <p>Chronic inflammation responses hamper the tissue engineering. immune
system has main function in the regeneration and maintenance of all
tissue, the immune reaction to an implant begins by the innate immune
cells including macrophages which can eventually lead to accept or
reject of the implant. to avoid adverse immune reactions, current
strategies use of immunomodulatory biomaterials rather than inert
materials. The present study aimed to introduce as biomaterial is
capable of modulating macrophage responses. Macrophages cultured on top
of four surfaces then analysis morphological characteristics, cellular
outgrowth and function. In addition, measured the key cytokine/chemokine
markers of macrophage polarization in each sample. The results of our
study pointed out that phage nano-structure can modulate polarization of
macrophages toward anti-inflammatory phenotype over time. In addition,
the combination of well-characterized RGD peptide motif embedded in
bacteriophages can stimulate macrophages to gain regenerative M2-like
phenotype more effectively and it may introduce an Immuno-modulating
biomaterial for tissue engineering applications.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group kwd-group-type="author-created">
        <kwd>anti-inflammatory</kwd>
        <kwd>immuno-modulating</kwd>
        <kwd>m13 phage</kwd>
        <kwd>macrophage</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
