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A Paper-Based Bi-Enzymatic Sensor for Chemiresistive Glucose Detection
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  • Riccardo Zulli,
  • Jacopo Giaretta,
  • Theja Prabhakar,
  • Ronil J. Rath,
  • Suvan Shrestha,
  • Sara Spilimbergo,
  • Syamak Farajikhah,
  • Fariba Dehghani
Riccardo Zulli
Universita degli Studi di Padova
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Jacopo Giaretta
The University of Sydney
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Theja Prabhakar
The University of Sydney
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Ronil J. Rath
The University of Sydney
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Suvan Shrestha
The University of Sydney
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Sara Spilimbergo
Universita degli Studi di Padova
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Syamak Farajikhah
The University of Sydney

Corresponding Author:syamak.farajikhah@sydney.edu.au

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Fariba Dehghani
The University of Sydney
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Abstract

At-home testing of glucose levels is crucial for safe monitoring of a variety of diseases, such as pancreatitis, psoriasis, cirrhosis, acute myocardial infarction, and, of course, diabetes. Current blood tests are invasive, leading to the research of alternative biofluids such as saliva, tears, and sweat. Nevertheless, such fluids are limited in quantity and contains various interfering molecules, posing stringent technological requirements. In this study, a simple paper-based glucose sensor is designed by using the conductive polymer poly(3,4-ethylene-dioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) and a bi-enzymatic solution of Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) and Glucose Oxidase (GOx). Unlike most electrochemical glucose sensors, this sensor employs a chemiresistive mechanism, allowing simple configurations, low costs, and easy signal measurements. The designed sensor demonstrates a working range suitable for various biofluid analysis, e.g., saliva, with a limit of detection of 1.1 µM and a linear detection range of 102 – 104 µM while only requiring 40 µL sample volume. Detection in whole artificial saliva is also carried out to demonstrate the sensor applicability. The limited analyte volume required, and the suitable detection range and limit of detection achieved by this sensor make it an excellent candidate for developing a non-invasive, at home glucose meter.
03 Feb 2025Submitted to View
13 Feb 2025Submission Checks Completed
13 Feb 2025Assigned to Editor
13 Feb 2025Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
18 Feb 2025Reviewer(s) Assigned