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Early versus later direct oral anticoagulant initiation after acute ischemic stroke with atrial fibrillation: a pooled analysis of the ELAN, OPTIMAS, and TIMING trials
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  • Flavia Queiroga F,
  • André Rivera,
  • Neal Bhatia,
  • Mikhael El-Chami,
  • Faisal M. Merchant
Flavia Queiroga F
Emory University Division of Cardiology

Corresponding Author:flavia_queiroga@hotmail.com

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André Rivera
Universidade Nove de Julho Curso de Medicina
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Neal Bhatia
Emory University Division of Cardiology
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Mikhael El-Chami
Emory University Division of Cardiology
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Faisal M. Merchant
Emory University Division of Cardiology
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Abstract

Introduction: The optimal timing to initiate direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) after acute ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) remains uncertain. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis comparing early versus later DOAC initiation in this population. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) answering this clinical question. We pooled risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for binary endpoints. A restricted likelihood random-effects model was used for all outcomes. Quality assessment and risk of bias were performed according to Cochrane recommendations. Results: We included 6541 patients from three RCTs, of whom 3,270 (49.9%) received early treatment. There were no significant differences in recurrent ischemic stroke (RR 0.80; 95% CI 0.56-1.15; p=0.23), all-cause mortality (RR 0.97; 95% CI 0.81-1.18; p=0.27), and systemic embolism (RR 0.43; CI 0.16-1.11; p=0.08) in the early DOAC compared to delayed initiation groups. Similarly, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (RR 0.93; 95% CI 0.44-1.96; p=0.84) and major extracranial bleeding (RR 0.67; 95% CI 0.28-1.59; p=0.36) were non-significantly different between groups. Conclusion: In conclusion, early initiation of DOACs in patients with AF after acute ischemic stroke did not reduce recurrent ischemic stroke and was not associated with increased rates of symptomatic intracranial bleeding.
26 Nov 2024Submitted to Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology
28 Nov 2024Submission Checks Completed
28 Nov 2024Assigned to Editor
28 Nov 2024Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
30 Nov 2024Reviewer(s) Assigned