Abstract
Loneliness is known to be a major health concern globally. However,
although there is a growing body of research on loneliness in adults, it
is less studied in children. Further, very few studies have considered
the long-term impact of experiences of being alone in early life on
adults. This study explored the construct of aloneness in children using
a retrospective design. It asked 70 adults to describe their high and
low point stories from childhood. Analysis of the stories using
reflective thematic analysis identified four aloneness constructs:
emotional loneliness, social loneliness, quasi-existential loneliness
and solitude. Risk and protective factors and related constructs for
loneliness in childhood were also identified: home difficulties, life
events, peer difficulties and emotional turmoil; and natural
environment, independence, special occasions and stability. The study
provides a framework for a holistic construct of aloneness in childhood,
and highlights how developing a strong sense of identity and a positive
attitude towards aloneness in early years may help to develop social and
policy interventions to boost wellbeing across the lifespan.