Aims: The primary objective was an evaluation of the correlation between the lymphocyte-to-C-reactive protein ratio (LCR) and the prevalence of overactive bladder (OAB) within the adult United States population. Methods: Data was collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005‒2010), and involved a non-pregnant cohort aged ≥20 years of age, with available LCR index and OAB information. We employed weighted univariate and multivariate logistic regression to assess the link between LCR and OAB risk. Subgroup, examinations of interaction, and restricted cubic spline analyses were also performed. Results: In all, 13723 subjects were recruited for analysis. Among them, 14.99% exhibited OAB and the mean LCR value was 2.61±0.07. The OAB risk decreased with higher quartiles of LCR. In model 2, subjects in the highest LCR quartiles showed 48% (OR: 0.52, 95%CI: 0.38–0.71, P < 0.001) reductions in the OAB risk, relative to those in the lowest LCR quartiles. These negative associations were found to be independent of various factors, shown in the subgroup analyses and interaction tests. Additionally, based on the restricted cubic spline analyses, there was a negative, non-linear relationship between LCR and OAB risk.