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Rates of and Indications for Subcutaneous ICD Extraction: A Multihospital Healthcare System Analysis
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  • Arati Gangadharan,
  • Graham Peigh,
  • Mariam Arif,
  • Jayson R. Baman,
  • Kaustubha Patil,
  • Alexandru Chicos,
  • Susan S. Kim,
  • Albert Lin,
  • Anna Pfenniger,
  • Rod Passman,
  • Bradley P. Knight,
  • Nishant Verma
Arati Gangadharan
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
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Graham Peigh
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
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Mariam Arif
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
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Jayson R. Baman
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
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Kaustubha Patil
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
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Alexandru Chicos
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
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Susan S. Kim
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
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Albert Lin
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
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Anna Pfenniger
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
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Rod Passman
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
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Bradley P. Knight
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
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Nishant Verma
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine

Corresponding Author:nishant.verma@nm.org

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Abstract

Introduction: The subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator (S-ICD) is an alternative to a transvenous ICD in patients who meet criteria for ICD implantation without concurrent need for cardiac pacing. The objective of this study is to examine the rates of and indications for S-ICD removal and extraction. Methods: A retrospective analysis of all patients who underwent S-ICD implantation between 2010 and 2022 at a single multihospital healthcare system was performed. The primary endpoint was S-ICD removal or extraction. Patient and device characteristics were abstracted from the electronic medical record. Univariate and multivariate analyses were completed to determine factors associated with S-ICD extraction. Results: A total of 372 patients (69.5% male; 48.6 ± 14.4 years old) underwent S-ICD implantation during the study period. There were 22 (5.9%) patients (81.8% male; 52.1 ± 13.2 years old) who underwent S-ICD extraction over a median follow up period of 4.4 [2.0-6.5] years. The median length of time between implantation and extraction was 39.6 [8.3-64.6] months. The most common indications for S-ICD extraction were need for bradycardia pacing (incidence, 1.08%), infection (1.34%), and inappropriate shocks due to oversensing (1.34%). A smoking history and higher body mass index were independently associated with S-ICD extraction. Conclusions: The overall rate of S-ICD extraction over 4.4 [2.0-6.5] years was 5.9%, with the most common indications for extraction being need for bradycardia pacing, infection, and inappropriate shocks due to oversensing. A smoking history and high body mass index are associated with increased rates of S-ICD extraction. With appropriate patient selection for the S-ICD, the need to remove the device after implantation is low.
12 Jul 2024Submitted to Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology
13 Jul 2024Submission Checks Completed
13 Jul 2024Assigned to Editor
13 Jul 2024Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
20 Jul 2024Reviewer(s) Assigned
06 Aug 2024Editorial Decision: Revise Minor
12 Sep 20241st Revision Received
13 Sep 2024Submission Checks Completed
13 Sep 2024Assigned to Editor
13 Sep 2024Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
14 Sep 2024Reviewer(s) Assigned
28 Oct 2024Editorial Decision: Accept