Tailoring Silk Fibroin Fibrous Architecture by a High-yield
Electrospinning Method for Fast Wound Healing Possibilities
Abstract
In this study, a novel array electrospinning collector was devised to
generate two distinct regenerated silk fibroin (SF) fibrous membranes:
ordered and disordered. Leveraging electrostatic forces during the
electrospinning process allowed precise control over the orientation of
SF fiber, resulting in the creation of the membranes comprising both
aligned and randomly arranged fiber layers. This innovative approach
resulted in the development of large-area membranes featuring
exceptional stability due to their alternating patterned structure,
achievable through expansion using the collector. The study delved into
exploring the potential of these membranes in augmenting wound healing
efficiency. Conducting in vitro toxicity assays with Adipose
Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (AD-MSCs) and Normal Human Dermal
Fibroblasts (NHDFs) confirmed the biocompatibility of the SF membranes.
Notably, AD-MSCs exhibited the ability to discern distinct
microenvironments established by electrospun SF membranes, translating
this recognition into a conditioned medium (CM). Evaluations focused on
the paracrine effects of AD-MSCs in promoting migration via CM, drawing
comparisons with secretions from NHDFs. The study employed two distinct
strategies: firstly, the utilization of paracrine secretion by AD-MSCs
to encourages cellular migration, particularly on SF flat membranes
where their secretion enhanced cellular migration while elevating the
protein concentration of the CMs. Secondly, the exploitation of physical
cues from SF electrospun membranes to guide and augment cell
recruitment, thereby enhancing wound healing. Observations centered on
monitoring cell migration and documenting the influence of SF materials
on inducing morphological changes in both AD-MSCs and NHDFs., The
ordered membrane, in particular, exhibited pronounced effectiveness in
guiding directional cell migration. This research underscores the
revelation that customizable microenvironments facilitated by SF
membranes optimize the paracrine products of MSCs and offer valuable
physical cues, presenting novel prospects for enhancing wound healing
efficiency.