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NOD2 in signaling, immunity and mycobacterial infection
  • +1
  • Yi Wang,
  • Zihao Mi,
  • Hong Liu,
  • Furen Zhang
Yi Wang
1. Hospital for Skin Diseases, Shandong First Medical University; 2. Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences
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Zihao Mi
1. Hospital for Skin Diseases, Shandong First Medical University; 2. Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences

Corresponding Author:mizihao2015@126.com

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Hong Liu
1. Hospital for Skin Diseases, Shandong First Medical University; 2. Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences
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Furen Zhang
1. Hospital for Skin Diseases, Shandong First Medical University; 2. Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences
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Abstract

Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2) primarily acts as a cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor (PRR) recognizing muramyl dipeptide (MDP), the basic unit of bacterial cell wall, playing a key role in the sensing of pathogens. However, accumulating investigations indicate that, in addition to being a PRR, NOD2 also has a wide range of immunomodulatory effects and is involved in the pathogenesis of several inflammatory and infectious diseases, with Crohn’s disease (CD) and leprosy being typical examples. Here, we summarize the MDP dependent and independent activation of NOD2 and the corresponding downstream signaling pathways. In addition to the classic immune response triggered by NOD2, we also review the latest findings of NOD2 regulating immune homeostasis through trained immunity and immune tolerance. Finally, we focus on the diverse roles of NOD2 in defending against mycobacterial infections. A further comprehensive understanding of NOD2 will provide new insights into the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases.
18 Feb 2024Submitted to Immunity, Inflammation and Disease
21 Feb 2024Submission Checks Completed
21 Feb 2024Assigned to Editor
16 Jun 2024Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
18 Jun 2024Editorial Decision: Revise Major
25 Aug 20241st Revision Received
27 Aug 2024Assigned to Editor
27 Aug 2024Submission Checks Completed
27 Aug 2024Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
28 Aug 2024Reviewer(s) Assigned
08 Oct 2024Editorial Decision: Revise Minor
22 Oct 20242nd Revision Received
24 Oct 2024Submission Checks Completed
24 Oct 2024Assigned to Editor
24 Oct 2024Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
28 Oct 2024Reviewer(s) Assigned