Abstract
Abstract: Aims: The purpose of this study was to identify serologic and
clinical factors in SARS-Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) patients which may
correlate and predict need for mechanical ventilation and mortality.
Furthermore, we sought to determine if a diagnosis of heart failure and
elevations in Pro B-Type Natriuretic Peptide (pro-BNP) predicted
clinical endpoints. Methods: 135 patients age 18 or older admitted to
Loma Linda University Medical Center with SARS-Co-2 between March 16,
2020 and June 8, 2020 were categorized by demographic data (age, race,
and gender), clinical parameters (temperature, heart rate, blood
pressure, and peak fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2)), and serologic
markers pro-BNP. A regression analysis was done to correlate need for
mechanical ventilation and mortality. Results: In univariate analysis,
elevated pro-BNP correlated with need for mechanical ventilation
(p=0.006) and mortality (p=0.001). In multivariate analysis, elevated
pro-BNP was significantly associated with requiring intubation (OR 4.5,
p=0.03). Each year of age (OR 1.08, p=0.006) and unit of BMI (OR= 1.05,
p=0.03) were significantly associated with increased mortality. In
patients without a diagnosis of heart failure, average pro-BNP was
elevated (1141.66 ng/dL) however it did not correlate with need for
intubation or mortality. Conclusions and clinical implications:
Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is associated with increased mortality
and worse clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure. Despite a
lack of heart failure diagnosis, elevated markers such as NT-Pro-BNP
have been associated with increased mortality in COVID-19 hospitalized
patients. Although no clear ‘cut-off’ has been described, our study
findings suggest elevated pro-BNP may be a useful marker for disease
severity and respiratory complications of COVID-19 patients with
possible cardiac involvement. Similar to other single center findings,
our study demonstrates worsened clinical outcomes for patients with
advanced age and elevated body-mass index.