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COVID-19 as a trigger of Guillain-Barré syndrome: A review of the molecular mechanism
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  • Mahdi Malekpour,
  • Shaghayegh Khanmohammadi,
  • Mohammad javad Entezari Meybodi,
  • Dorsa Shekouh,
  • Mohammadreza Rahmanian,
  • Sina Kardeh,
  • Negar Azarpira
Mahdi Malekpour
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
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Shaghayegh Khanmohammadi
Universal Scientific Education and Research Network USERN
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Mohammad javad Entezari Meybodi
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
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Dorsa Shekouh
Shiraz Medical School
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Mohammadreza Rahmanian
Shiraz Medical School
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Sina Kardeh
Monash Medical School
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Negar Azarpira
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences

Corresponding Author:negarazarpira@gmail.com

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Abstract

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused a pandemic with serious complications. After the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), several post-acute COVID-19 syndromes (PACSs) and long-COVID sequels were reported. PACSs involve many organs, including the nervous, gustatory, and immune systems. One of the PACSs after SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination is Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). There is a lower chance of getting GBS after a SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to other infections. However, the high prevalence of COVID-19 and severe complications of GBS, e.g., autonomic dysfunction and respiratory failure, highlight the importance of post-COVID-19 GBS. It is while patients with simultaneous COVID-19 and GBS seem to have higher admission rates to the intensive care unit, and demyelination is more aggressive in post-COVID-19 GBS patients. SARS-CoV-2 can trigger GBS via several pathways like direct neurotropism and neurovirulence, microvascular dysfunction and oxidative stress, immune system disruption, molecular mimicry, and autoantibody production. This review discusses the most recent evidence regarding the molecular and cellular mechanisms of GBS after SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination.
17 Mar 2023Submitted to Immunity, Inflammation and Disease
21 Mar 2023Submission Checks Completed
21 Mar 2023Assigned to Editor
23 Mar 2023Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
28 Mar 2023Reviewer(s) Assigned
23 Apr 2023Editorial Decision: Revise Minor
30 Apr 20231st Revision Received
03 May 2023Submission Checks Completed
03 May 2023Assigned to Editor
03 May 2023Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
03 May 2023Editorial Decision: Accept
May 2023Published in Immunity, Inflammation and Disease volume 11 issue 5. https://doi.org/10.1002/iid3.875