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Phylogenomic and syntenic data demonstrate complex evolutionary processes in early radiation of the rosids
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  • Luxian Liu,
  • Mengzhen Chen,
  • Ryan A. Folk,
  • Meizhen Wang,
  • Tao Zhao,
  • Fude Shang,
  • Douglas Soltis,
  • Pan Li
Luxian Liu
Henan University
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Mengzhen Chen
Henan University
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Ryan A. Folk
Mississippi State University
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Meizhen Wang
Zhejiang University
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Tao Zhao
Northwest A&F University
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Fude Shang
Henan University
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Douglas Soltis
University of Florida
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Pan Li
Zhejiang University

Corresponding Author:panli_zju@126.com

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Abstract

Some of the most vexing problems of deep level relationship that remain in angiosperms involve the superrosids. The superrosid clade contains a quarter of all angiosperm species, with 18 orders in three subclades (Vitales, Saxifragales and core rosids) exhibiting remarkable morphological and ecological diversity. To help resolve deep-level relationships, we constructed a high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly for Tiarella polyphylla (Saxifragaceae) thus providing broader genomic representation of Saxifragales. Whole genome microsynteny analysis of superrosids showed that Saxifragales shared more synteny clusters with core rosids than Vitales, further supporting Saxifragales as more closely related with core rosids. To resolve the ordinal phylogeny of superrosids, we screened 122 single copy nuclear genes from genomes of 36 species, representing all 18 superrosid orders. Vitales were recovered as sister to all other superrosids (Saxifragales + core rosids). Our data suggest dramatic differences in relationships compared to earlier studies within core rosids. Fabids should be restricted to the nitrogen-fixing clade, while Picramniales, the Celastrales-Malpighiales (CM) clade, Huerteales, Oxalidales, Sapindales, Malvales and Brassicales formed an “expanded” malvid clade. The Celastrales-Oxalidales-Malpighiales (COM) clade (sensu APG IV) was not monophyletic. Crossosomatales, Geraniales, Myrtales and Zygophyllales did not belong to either of our well-supported malvids or fabids. There is strong discordance between nuclear and plastid phylogenetic hypotheses for superrosid relationships; we show that this is best explained by a combination of incomplete lineage sorting and ancient reticulation.
08 Mar 2023Submitted to Molecular Ecology Resources
11 Mar 2023Submission Checks Completed
11 Mar 2023Assigned to Editor
11 Mar 2023Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
15 Mar 2023Reviewer(s) Assigned
12 Jun 2023Editorial Decision: Revise Minor
16 Jun 20231st Revision Received
19 Jun 2023Submission Checks Completed
19 Jun 2023Assigned to Editor
19 Jun 2023Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
30 Jun 2023Editorial Decision: Accept