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Compact portable higher harmonic generation microscopy for the real time assessment of unprocessed thyroid tissue
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  • Marie Groot,
  • S.D. Kok,
  • P.M. Rodriguez Schaap,
  • L. van Dommelen,
  • Laura van Huizen,
  • C. Dickhoff,
  • E.M. Nieveen-van Dijkum,
  • A. F. Engelsman,
  • P. van der Valk
Marie Groot
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam

Corresponding Author:m.l.groot@vu.nl

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S.D. Kok
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
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P.M. Rodriguez Schaap
Amsterdam UMC Locatie VUmc
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L. van Dommelen
Amsterdam UMC Locatie VUmc
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Laura van Huizen
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
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C. Dickhoff
Amsterdam UMC Locatie VUmc
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E.M. Nieveen-van Dijkum
Amsterdam UMC Locatie VUmc
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A. F. Engelsman
Amsterdam UMC Locatie VUmc
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P. van der Valk
Amsterdam UMC Locatie VUmc Afdeling Pathologie
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Abstract

During thyroid surgery fast and reliable intra-operative pathological feedback has the potential to avoid a two-stage procedure and significantly reduce health care costs in patients undergoing a diagnostic hemithyroidectomy (HT). We explored higher harmonic generation (HHG) microscopy, which combines second harmonic generation (SHG), third harmonic generation (THG), and multiphoton excited autofluorescence (MPEF) for this purpose. With a compact, portable HHG microscope, images of freshly excised healthy tissue, benign nodules (follicular adenoma) and malignant tissue (papillary carcinoma, follicular carcinoma and spindle cell carcinoma) were recorded. The images were generated on unprocessed tissue within minutes and show relevant morphological thyroid structures in good accordance with the histology images. The thyroid follicle architecture, cells, cell nuclei (THG), collagen organization (SHG) and the distribution of thyroglobulin and/or thyroid hormones T3 or T4 (MPEF) could be visualized. We conclude that SHG/THG/MPEF imaging is a promising tool for clinical intraoperative assessment of thyroid tissue.
09 Mar 2023Submitted to Journal of Biophotonics
09 Mar 2023Submission Checks Completed
09 Mar 2023Assigned to Editor
09 Mar 2023Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
09 Mar 2023Reviewer(s) Assigned
09 May 2023Editorial Decision: Revise Major
27 Jul 20231st Revision Received
27 Jul 2023Assigned to Editor
27 Jul 2023Submission Checks Completed
27 Jul 2023Reviewer(s) Assigned
27 Jul 2023Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
05 Sep 2023Editorial Decision: Revise Major
13 Sep 20232nd Revision Received
13 Sep 2023Submission Checks Completed
13 Sep 2023Assigned to Editor
13 Sep 2023Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
15 Sep 2023Editorial Decision: Accept