Settling of superparamagnetic silica encapsulated DNA microparticles in
river water
Abstract
Particle tracers are sometimes used to track sources and sinks of
riverine particulate and contaminant transport. A potentially new
particle tracer is ~200 nm sized superparamagnetic
silica encapsulated DNA (SiDNAFe). The main objective of this research
was to understand and quantify the settling and aggregation behaviour of
SiDNAFe in river waters. Our results indicated, that in quiescent
conditions, more than 60% of SiDNAFe settled within 30 hours, starting
with a rapid settling phase followed by an exponential-like slow
settling phase in the three river waters we used (Meuse, Merkske, and
Strijbeek) plus MilliQ water. From this, we inferred that the rapid
SiDNAFe settling was mainly due to homo-aggregation and not due to
hetero-aggregation (e.g., with particulate matter present in river
water). Incorporating a first-order mass loss term which mimics the
exponential phase of the settling in quiescent conditions seems to be an
adequate step forward when modelling the transport of SiDNAFe in river
injection experiments. Furthermore, we validated the applicability of
magnetic separation and up-concentration of SiDNAFe in real river
waters, which is an important advantage for carrying out field-scale
SiDNAFe tracing experiments.