Revascularization-first strategy in acute aortic dissection with
mesenteric malperfusion
Abstract
Background: Mesenteric malperfusion is a complication with a higher risk
of in-hospital mortality because diagnosing mesenteric ischemia before
necrotic change is difficult, and when it occurs, the patient’s
condition has worsened. Although it contradicts the previous consensus
on central repair-first strategy, the revascularization-first strategy
was found to be significantly associated with lower mortality rates. The
aim of this study is to present our revascularization-first strategy and
assess the postoperative results for acute aortic dissection involving
mesenteric malperfusion. Methods: Among 58 patients with acute type A
aortic dissection at our hospital between January 2017 and December
2019, mesenteric malperfusion was noted in six. Four hemodynamically
stable patients underwent mesenteric revascularization with endovascular
intervention in a hybrid operation room before central repair, and two
hemodynamically unstable patients underwent central repair before
mesenteric revascularization. Results: No in-hospital mortality was
recorded. All four patients with mesenteric revascularization-first
strategy recovered with no symptoms related to mesenteric ischemia. Two
patients with central repair-first strategy developed paralytic ileus
for 1 week; one of them needed explorative laparotomy, but no patients
needed colon resection. Conclusion: The revascularization-first strategy
in cases of acute type A aortic dissection with mesenteric malperfusion
may achieve favorable results. However, in cases with other-major organ
malperfusion or having hemodynamically unstable status, the appropriate
strategy is controversial. Close evaluation of mesenteric perfusion
using multiple modalities and prompt revascularization are mandatory in
these complicated cases. A hybrid operation room provides an ideal
environment for this revascularization-first strategy.