6 Year Follow-up of Aortic Valve Reoperation Rates: Carpentier-Edwards
Perimount vs St. Jude Medical Trifecta
Abstract
Background The Carpentier-Edwards Perimount valves have a proven track
record in aortic valve replacement: good durability, hemodynamic
performance, rates of survival, and infrequent valve-related
complications and PPM. The St. Jude Medical Trifecta is a newer valve
that has shown comparable early and midterm outcomes. Studies show
reoperation rates of Trifecta are comparable to Perimount valves, with a
few recent studies bringing into focus early SVD, and increased midterm
SVD in younger patients. Given that midterm data for Trifecta is still
sparse, we wanted to confirm the early low reoperation rates of Trifecta
persist over time compared to Perimount. Methods The Maritime Heart
Centre Database was searched for isolated AVR or AVR+CABG between
January 2011 and December 2016. Primary end point of the study was
all-cause reoperation rate. Results 711 Perimount and 453 Trifecta
implantations were included. The reoperation hazards were determined for
age: 0.96 (0.92-0.99, p=0.02), female (vs male): 0.35 (0.08-1.53,
p=0.16), smoker (vs non-smoker): 2.44 (0.85-7.02, p=0.1), and Trifecta
(vs Perimount): 2.68 (0.97-7.39, p=0.06). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis
in subgroups—age < 60, age ≥ 60, male, female, smoker, and
non-smoker—showed Perimount having lower reoperation rates than
Trifecta in patient younger than 60 (p=0.02) and those with smoking
history (p<0.01). Conclusions The rates of reoperation of
Perimount and Trifecta were comparable, with Trifecta showing higher
rates in patients younger than 60 years, and current smokers. Continued
diligence and further independent reporting of midterm reoperation and
SVD rates of the Trifecta, including detailed echocardiographic follow
up, are needed to confirm these findings.