Long-Term Survival in Triple-Vessel Disease: Hybrid Coronary
Revascularization Compared to Contemporary Revascularization Methods
Abstract
Background: Hybrid coronary revascularization (HCR) constitutes a left
internal mammary artery (LIMA) graft to the left anterior descending
(LAD) coronary artery, coupled with percutaneous coronary intervention
(PCI) for non-LAD lesions. This management strategy is not commonly
offered to patients with complex multi-vessel disease. Our objective was
to evaluate 8-year survival in patients with triple-vessel disease (TVD)
treated by HCR, compared with that of concurrent matched patients
managed by traditional coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or
multi-vessel PCI. Methods: A retrospective review was undertaken of 4805
patients with TVD who presented between January 2009 and December 2016.
A cohort of 100 patients who underwent HCR were propensity-matched with
patients treated by CABG or multi-vessel PCI. The primary end-point was
all-cause mortality at 8 years. Results: Patients with TVD who underwent
HCR had similar 8-year mortality (5.0%) as did those with CABG (4.0%)
or multi-vessel PCI (9.0%). A composite end-point of death, repeat
revascularization, and new myocardial infarction, was not significantly
different between patient groups (HCR 21.0% vs. CABG 15.0%, p = 0.36;
HCR 21.0% vs. PCI 25.0%, p = 0.60). Despite a higher baseline SYNTAX
score, HCR was able to achieve a lower residual SYNTAX score than
multi-vessel PCI (p = 0.001). Conclusions: In select patients with TVD,
long-term survival and freedom from major adverse cardiovascular events
(MACE) after HCR are similar to that seen after traditional CABG or
multi-vessel PCI. HCR should be considered for patients with
multi-vessel disease, presuming a low residual SYNTAX score can be
achieved.