With temperatures rising in Arctic regions at double the global average, decomposition rates and subsequent greenhouse gas release into the atmosphere are expected to rise, potentially shifting these regions from carbon sinks to carbon sources. General circulation models predict the relationship between respiration and temperature using exponential functions, showing a temperature-independent rate of increase to decomposition rates with temperature. However, enzymes catalyzing carbon depolymerization reactions have demonstrated departures from this predicted increase between 10 and 15 °C. Organic tundra soils were incubated across this range (4 to 20 °C, 4 °C increments) and harvested consecutively after carbon losses equivalent to those after 2, 4, 8, and 12 days at 20 °C. During each harvest, β-glucosidase (BG) and β-xylosidase (BX) activities were measured at both the incubation temperature and at 20 °C to determine temperature limitations to enzyme activity and production. While enzyme activities in soils incubated at different temperatures diverged significantly when measured at different temperatures, these differences were overcome when measured at 20 °C, suggesting enzyme activities are more limited than enzyme production. Two exceptions to this trend were the first harvest of the 4 and 8 °C incubations, which had significantly higher BG and BX activities when assayed at 20 °C than soils incubated at higher temperatures, indicating larger enzyme pool sizes in soils incubated at lower temperatures. For BG activities, increased enzyme pool size offset low temperature limitations to enzyme activity, resulting in no difference in measured rates when the 4 and 8 °C soils were compared with the 12 and 16 °C soils, respectively. However, in subsequent harvests, BG and BX activities measured at 20 °C declined and activities at 4 and 8 °C were significantly lower than in assays at 12, 16, and 20 °C. Declining activities of these enzymes in the 4 and 8 °C incubations may indicate limited substrate accessibility or nutrient availability at lower temperatures due to changes in the relative rates of other decomposition reactions with temperature. Improving our understanding of the multifaceted impacts of temperature on decomposition reactions will be important to better model and predict future carbon release.